Ek nayanar chief minister of gujarat

E. K. Nayanar

Former Chief minister discount Kerala

In this Malayali name, say publicly surname is Erambala.

Erambala Krishnan Nayanar (9 December 1919 – 19 Hawthorn 2004) was an Indian politico who served as the Ordinal chief minister of Kerala unearth 1980 to 1981, 1987 communication 1991 and again from 1996 to 2001.

He served case that position for a of 10 years, 11 months and 22 days, thus foundation him the longest-served Chief Itinerary of Kerala. He was spruce up senior leader of the Socialist Party of India (Marxist).

Early life

Nayanar was born in prominence aristocratic Nair family in Kalliasseri, Kannur district on 9 Dec 1919, as the second sprog of Govindan Nambiar and Narayani Amma.

Despite his father, Govindan Nambiar, being a believer tenuous the feudalism, Nayanar took stick to the national movement of excellence time at a very teenaged age under the influence look upon his cousin, K.P.R. Gopalan. Nayanar was influenced by the goings-on following the admission of put in order Dalit girl to local faculty under the leadership of K.P.R.

Gopalan. Nayanar was a actress in student movements in rank Malabar region as a divulge of Balasangham[1] and consequently cast out out of school. He as well faced severe opposition from reward father. He was drawn in the vicinity of the socialist ideology guided next to leaders like P. Krishna Pillai. Nayanar famously helped in description establishment of a library ray named it Shri Harshan Examination, after Harshan, a member all but the oppressed caste who was tortured to death at glory Kannur Central Jail for rulership participation in the national movement.[2]

Political life

Pre-Independence

Nayanar was an Indian Genetic Congress member then he one the Communist Party of Bharat in 1939 at the give out of 20.

As a boy leader, Nayanar organized several movements. He led the forty-six-day-long Priest Mill workers' protest against righteousness dismissal of thirty workers gross the mill management in 1940. He was jailed for tremor months as a consequence. Nayanar was one of the organizers of Morazha rally on 15 September 1940 in protest condemn rising prices.

Two policemen were killed in the rally contemporary Nayanar went into hiding hand over six years without knowing go wool-gathering he was not one practice the accused. He also slick peasant uprisings in Kayyur. Spruce policeman was stoned by protesters and subsequently died in Kayyur. Communist leaders were actively chase by police following the bash, forcing Nayanar to go prick hiding in forest areas jagged Eleri.

Later on, as Crucial Minister, he set up tidy Government College in the element in 1981. The college was renamed to E.K. Nayanar Headstone Government college. While in licking in Travancore, he worked hoot a journalist for Kerala Kaumudi.[2][3]

Post-Independence

After Independence, cases against Nayanar were dropped.

He continued working fast for Communist Party of Bharat. He was elected Kannur taluk secretary in 1948. He adjust was forced to go bounce hiding following 'Calcutta Thesis' declaration that lead to banning Commie Party in India. During significance Sino-Indian War, Nayanar was culprit of being pro-China and was imprisoned in 1964 under honourableness Preventive Detention Act.[3][4] He was the secretary of Kozhikode partition committee of the united CPI from 1956 to 1964.[1]

Nayanar was also one of the 32 CPI national council members who walked out and formed CPI(M) in 1964.

He was tidy central committee member of character CPI(M) from the 7th Hearing in 1964. He served little the Secretary of the Kerala State Committee of the CPI(M) from 1972 to 1980 point of view again from 1992 to 1996. He was elected to birth Polit Bureau at the Fourteenth Congress in 1992.[1]

Legislative career

In 1967, he was elected to honourableness Lok Sabha from Palakkad.

Good taste became an MLA for picture first time from Irikkur parliamentary assembly in 1974. Since next, he has been elected importance an MLA five more date (twice each from Malampuzha (1980 and 1982) and Thrikkarippur (1987 and 1991) and once use Thalasseri (1996)), losing only once.[4]

Chief Minister of Kerala

Electoral History despite the fact that the leader of LDF

First designation (1980 - 1982)

See also: Be in first place E.

K. Nayanar ministry

The 1980 election saw the formation observe two pre-poll alliances, viz. LDF and UDF, most of whose constituent parties were part neat as a new pin the erstwhile United Front. CPI(M)-led LDF to win the plebiscite, after winning 93 seats totally. E. K. Nayanar was abject in as the Chief Missionary on 26 March 1980 [5] Nayanar was sworn in in that the Chief Minister of Kerala on 26 March 1980 fulfill the first time in 1980.

He formed government with decency support of Congress (A) botchup A. K. Antony and Kerala Congress under K. M. Mani. But both the parties passed over for United Democratic Front (UDF) coalition and the Government was dissolved on 20 October 1981. He served as the governor of the opposition from 1981 to 1987.

Second term (1987 - 1991)

See also: Second Liken.

K. Nayanar ministry

In the 1987 election under the leadership lift Nayanar LDF secured a determinant majority in the assembly taking accedence 78 seats. The UDF won 61 seats. Nayanar became justness chief Minister for a in the second place time in 1987. But explicit did not complete his brief of five years as CPI(M) decided to contest elections completely in 1991 assuming political below par to be favourable.

But magnanimity left lost the elections innermost Nayanar became the leader characteristic the opposition yet again. Fair enough resigned from that post integrity very next year when pacify was chosen as the Kerala state secretary of the CPI(M) and was succeeded by Categorically. S. Achuthanandan as the candidate leader.[6]

Third term (1996 - 2001)

See also: Third E.

K. Nayanar ministry

In the 1996 election, LDF secured a decisive majority hold your attention the assembly securing 80 sitting room. Nayanar initially had not introduce the 1996 assembly elections however as V. S. Achuthanandan who was projected as the Dominant Ministerial candidate lost in Mararikkulam.[7] A faction in the dinner party wanted Susheela Gopalan to emerging the Chief Minister,[8] but as the matter was put adopt vote in the state secretariate, Nayanar was selected to have reservations about the CM.

He contested reprove won by-elections in Thalasseri.[6] Soil is revered and respected because of both the LDF and UDF for his contributions for authority development of the state.

Achievements

Nayanar introduced several reforms during surmount tenures as Chief Minister lack The Kerala Coir workers Health Fund Act, 1987, The Kerala Khadi Workers Welfare Fund Bear down on, 1989, The Kerala Abkari Personnel Welfare Fund Act, 1989, Justness Kerala Construction Workers Welfare Pool Act, 1989 and the Kerala Ration Dealer's Welfare Fund Activity, 1998.

In 1996, the fresh LDF government led by Downtoearth Nayanar made People's Planning Motivation. The government commissioned a amazing 33% of its money put up the shutters local governments like the panchayats, municipalities and corporations. The action thus allowed for the financial assistance of a three-tier system in shape power in panchayats and shipshape and bristol fashion one tier system in citified areas, and also helped stop trading people to determine and machine their own development priorities.

That helped make the government addon effective, more inclusive and besides people-centric. Decentralisation was implemented.[2]

The Resolution Literacy Campaign (TLC) in Kerala was a landmark initiative rove aimed to eradicate illiteracy come first promote universal literacy. The crusade was launched on January 26, 1989 by Nayanar in Ernakulam district and later expanded statewide.

The campaign, supported by integrity government and civil society, laid hold of a pivotal role in Kerala becoming India's first fully sophisticated state in April 18, 1991 within 2 years.

Nayanar visited the Apple facility in class Silicon Valley, United States underside 1989. This led to flat Techopark, India's first IT locum and still remains the first in India.

Nayanar laid justness foundation stone on 1990. Technopark came into being on 28 July 1990, after it was registered under the Travancore Poultry Scientific and Charitable Societies Please. As of 2020, the Check park employs 70,000 people charge provide indirect employment to lakhs.[9]

In 1998, Kutumbashree, a movement stand for the empowerment of women, was launched by the Nayanar Administration.

Today, Kudumbashree is Kerala's 43 lakh women community network, which is spread across 941 Panchayats. Kudumbashree is always the swell ignored pillar of the Kerala Model.[10] In 1989, EK Nayanar started the total literacy appeal, leading to a declaration listed April 1991 that Kerala was the first totally literate tidal wave in the country.

In 1996, Nayanar took over as head of the Cochin International Airdrome (CIAL) project. The construction most-liked up momentum during this interval and Nayanar ensured that greatness airport project received special notice from the State Government tube gave his unstinted support appoint CIAL. By 1997, substantial province was taken into CIAL tenure through negotiated settlements.

On 25 May 1999 in the adjacency of then President of Bharat, K. R. Narayanan inaugurated primacy airport.[11]

The Kannur International Airport obligation was conceived in 1996 like that which Nayanar was the Chief Revivalist of Kerala.[12] Nayanar was contributory for the establishment of Kannur University.

The university was inaugurated on 2 March 1996 induce Nayanar. The objective of goodness Kannur University Act, 1996 was to establish in the bring back of Kerala a teaching, indigenous and affiliating university to furnish for the development of a cut above education in Kasargod and Kannur revenue Districts and the Mananthavady Taluk of Wayanad District.

The government led by Nayanar ideated the Kochi Metro Project rise 1999.[13][14] The cabinet meeting taken aloof on 21 July 1999, vacation the then LDF government, allotted Rail India Technological and Worthless Services (RITES) for the possibility study for a metro immediate transport system in Kochi.[15] Illustriousness techno-economic feasibility study for spick Metro Rapid Transit System cage Kochi was completed in 1999, which was begun in loftiness same year, by Rail Bharat Technological and Economic Services (RITES).[16] The techno-feasibility study report was submitted to the state command in 1999.[17]

Literary works

Nayanar has authored several works in both Straightforwardly and Malayalam.

He was further an occasional poet. A scarcely any notable works are:[3]

  1. Olivukala Smrithkal: Journals of Hideout Days > Olivukala Smrithikal-.
  2. Doha Diary
  3. Marxism-Oru Mukhavara (Marxism-An introduction)
  4. Nehru-Gandhi Oru Padanam (Nehru-Gandhi A Study)
  5. Karl Marx
  6. American Diary
  7. Ente China Diary (My China Diary)
  8. Parliamentum Chila Vasthuthakalum (Parliament and Some Facts)
  9. Samara Theecholayil

Nayanar locked away been a correspondent and redactor for Deshabhimani.

He had impressed in Chennai as Deshabhimani journalist. He used to write copperplate weekly column in Deshabhimani, Munnottu (Forward).[6][18]

In popular culture

Nayanar was famed for his humorous remarks mount speeches.[3] During his third fleeting as Chief Minister, Nayanar too used to conduct a leak out interaction show, "Mukhya Mantriyodu Chothikyuka" ("Ask the Chief Minister") reduce the price of Asianet TV channel.[19][20]

Personal life

Nayanar marital Sarada Teacher, niece of Youth.

P. R. Gopalan in 1958. They had two sons submit two daughters.[3][4]

Death

Nayanar was admitted ordain the AIIMS on 26 Apr for advanced treatment of diabetes, from which he suffered read a long time, after natty brief stay at the Medicinal College Hospital in Thiruvananthapuram formerly.

His condition became worse shadowing a massive heart attack, which was his third, on 6 May when he was plan on the life support custom. He died on 19 Could 2004 at the age realize 85 after suffering from word of honour and kidney failure.[2] He was cremated with full state dignities at Payyambalam Beach, Kannur.

Smartness is survived by his old woman, children, in-laws and grandchildren.

See also

References

  1. ^ abc"Comrade E K Nayanar". People's Democracy. Archived from loftiness original on 11 December 2004. Retrieved 23 September 2004.
  2. ^ abcd"The people's leader".

    The Hindu. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 19 Jan 2012.

  3. ^ abcde"Chief Ministers and Advance guard of Opposition of Kerala"(PDF). Thoroughbred of the Kerala legislature.
  4. ^ abc"Nayanarude Jeevitham".

    OneIndia. 17 May 2001. Retrieved 19 January 2012.

  5. ^"History asset Kerala legislature - Government reinforce Kerala, India". kerala.gov.in. Archived escape the original on 14 Venerable 2020. Retrieved 26 May 2019.
  6. ^ abc"Nayanar: Crowd puller of Lefitst forces".

    The Times of India. 19 May 2004. Archived escape the original on 3 Jan 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2012.

  7. ^"History of Kerala legislature - Authority of Kerala, India". kerala.gov.in. Archived from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 12 Apr 2019.
  8. ^Radhakrishnan, M.

    G. (31 Hawthorn 1996). "Elections 1996: Marxists-led LDF dislodges Congress(I) and its allies". India Today. Retrieved 12 Apr 2019.

  9. ^"Technopark, India's first & with greatest satisfaction IT park, celebrates 30th anniversary". Manorama. 30 July 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  10. ^"Kudumbashree - Rank world's largest Women's network"(PDF).

    Kudumbashree Mission. Archived from the original(PDF) on 7 November 2020. Retrieved 2 November 2020.

  11. ^"About CIAL Uncut Brief History". Manorama. 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  12. ^"Kerala becomes first Indian state be selected for have four international airports".

    Livemint. 9 December 2018. Retrieved 29 August 2022.

  13. ^"Narendra Modi flags disconnect Kochi Metro, takes maiden ride". Mint. 17 June 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  14. ^Darade, Pooja (16 June 2017). "Kochi Metro concern be inaugurated by PM Modi on Saturday: Interesting facts upturn Kerala's first metro service".

    India.com. Archived from the original completely 16 June 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2017.

  15. ^"Kochi Metro Railway: RITES will conduct study". Malayala Manorama. Kerala. 22 July 1999. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  16. ^"Details of character Studies/Detailed Project Report/Comprehensive mobility planundertaken under the scheme of Split planning"(PDF).

    Ministry of Urban Development. Archived from the original(PDF) delivery 16 June 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2017.

  17. ^Sudhi, K.S. (13 July 2003). "Konkan Railway misleading Kerala on sky bus project". The Hindu. Kerala. Archived from greatness original on 16 June 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  18. ^"Vajpayee, Statesman are two sides of illustriousness same coin: Nayanar".

    Rediff. Retrieved 19 January 2012.

  19. ^"Facing the modulation gram conjug lights". The Hindu. 11 July 2007. Archived from the machiavellian on 6 October 2008.
  20. ^"Ask high-mindedness Chief Minister!". Rediff.

Further reading