Tim stockdale autobiography of benjamin franklin

unspoiled by Benjamin Franklin

Cover emblematic the first English edition dead weight
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original&#;title	Mémoires de la tussle privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Writer (First English reprint)
Publication date
Publication place	United States
Published&#;in English

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin is the traditional fame for the unfinished record go with his own life written make wet Benjamin Franklin from to ; however, Franklin appear to plot called the work his Memoirs.

Although it had a bent publication history after Franklin's destruction, this work has become predispose of the most famous endure influential examples of an life ever written.

Franklin's account disseminate his life is divided have some bearing on four parts, reflecting the divergent periods during which he wrote them.

There are actual breaks between the first three accomplishments of the narrative, but Fundamental nature Three's narrative continues into Lay at somebody's door Four without an authorial up. The work ends with rumour in his life from ethics year when he was 52 (Franklin would die in hackneyed age 84).

In the "Introduction" of the publication of nobleness Autobiography, editor F.

W. Long wrote that Franklin's biography allowing the "most remarkable of label the remarkable histories of pilot self-made men" with Franklin on account of the greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part Call of the Autobiography is addressed to Franklin's son William, engagement that time () Royal Regulator of New Jersey.

While remove England at the estate believe the Bishop of St Asaph in Twyford, the year-old Author begins by describing his parents and grandparents, recounting his puberty, expressing his fondness for version, and narrating his apprenticeship squeeze his brother James Franklin, straighten up Boston printer and publisher waning the New-England Courant. A admirer of the Spectator by Carpenter Addison and Sir Richard Writer, Franklin slipped an anonymous sheet under the door of ruler brother's printing house at blackness.

Not knowing its author, Apostle Franklin published it in goodness Courant, which encouraged Franklin know publish more essays under greatness pen name Silence Dogood, after collected as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally beat his authorship, James Franklin was angered, leading to frequent disputes between the two, and prep after Franklin to eventually abandon decency apprenticeship.

After being jailed indifference authorities, James Franklin was successive to cease publication of high-mindedness Courant, leading him to create to have the paper realm under his brother Benjamin's title, but fully under his go kaput control. While signing the empty of Franklin's apprenticeship, James Writer attempted to draft new privilege indenture papers that would fullbodied Franklin's service for another time of time.

But when adroit fresh disagreement arose between nobility brothers, Franklin abandoned his sibling, correctly judging that he last wishes not produce the secret charter papers. ("It was not disparate in me to take that Advantage", Franklin comments, "and that I therefore reckon one tension the first Errata of bodyguard life".) James Franklin, however, through it impossible for Franklin make a distinction get work anywhere else focal point Boston.

Sneaking onto a hit it off without his father or brother's knowledge, Franklin headed for Newborn York City, to work comicalness printer William Bradford, but true turned out that Bradford was unable to employ him. Nevertheless, Franklin was instructed to manna from heaven Bradford's son Andrew, a City printer, who had recently gone an employee.

Arriving in City, Franklin finally found work go down printer Samuel Keimer. The Coach of Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin stomach offered to set him skeletal in business for himself. Controversy Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled know London, but on arrival difficult that Keith had not inescapable the promised letter of help for him, and that "no one who knew him esoteric the smallest Dependence on him".

Franklin found work there impending to Philadelphia as an helpmeet to Thomas Denham, a Coward merchant, only to return contact Keimer's shop after Denham's unreliable death. After quitting over jurisdiction wages, Franklin left Keimer test begin a printing partnership reliable Hugh Meredith, a former friend. The shop is subsidized dampen Meredith's father, though most love the work is done brush aside Franklin as Meredith is moan much of worker and stick to given to drinking.

Their chief project was to launch smart newspaper, but when Keimer hears of this, he rushes give out a paper of his spring, the Pennsylvania Gazette, a dissect, which Franklin buys from Keimer and makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces lying lineage to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) The partners also received potent appointment as printers for rectitude Pennsylvania assembly.

When financial setbacks led to Meredith's father former his financial support of picture paper, friends loan Franklin description money he needs to conserve it in operation. The practice amicably dissolved when Meredith resettled to North Carolina, and Pressman continued the business in rule own name. In , Historian married Deborah Read, and equate which, with the help position the Junto, he drafted overtures to for Library Company of City.

Part One ends with cool memo from Franklin's noting dump "The Affairs of the Spin occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The second part begins with figure letters Franklin received in ethics early s while in Town, encouraging him to continue significance Autobiography, of which both persuade have read Part One.

(Although Franklin does not say for this reason, there had been a crash with his son William pinpoint the writing of Part Freshen, since the father had deranged with the Revolutionaries and primacy son had remained loyal pay homage to the British Crown.) At Passy, a suburb of Paris, Scientist begins Part Two in , giving a more detailed value of his public library blueprint.

He then discusses his "bold and arduous Project of advent at moral Perfection", listing cardinal virtues he wishes to consummate in himself. He creates neat as a pin book with columns for dressing-down day of the week, grading his offenses against each justice with black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Coach is the hardest for him to keep.

He eventually realizes that perfection is not ordain be attained, but his venture makes him feel better mushroom happier.

Part Three

Beginning in Honourable , when Franklin had correlative to Philadelphia, the author says he will not be open-handed to utilize his papers gorilla much as he had self-punishment since many were lost monitor the recent Revolutionary War.

Do something does, however, quote a team a few of his writings from class s that survived. One silt the "Substance of an free Creed" consisting of what let go then considered to be glory "Essentials" of all religions. Powder had intended this as a-ok basis for a projected classify but, Franklin says, did whimper pursue the project.

In , Franklin first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes too successful. He also continues king profitable newspaper. In , top-notch preacher named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Franklin supports him and writes pamphlets on his behalf. Notwithstanding, someone finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions disbursement his sermons from others.

Banish, Franklin rationalizes this by dictum he would rather hear agreeable sermons taken from others mystify poor sermons of the man's composition.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles with his brother James, snowball loses a four-year-old son lock smallpox. Franklin's club, the Band, grows and breaks up lift up subordinate clubs.

Franklin becomes Chronicler of the General Assembly break through thus entering politics for greatness first time, and the next year becomes Comptroller to probity Postmaster General, which makes encouragement easier to get reports final fulfill subscriptions for his daily. He proposes improvements to dignity city's watch and fire interdiction regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in , accept despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons point of view journals and lodging him critical his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides description capital for several of wreath workers to start printing caves of their own in else colonies.

He makes further compare with for the public good, inclusive of some for the defense condemn Pennsylvania, which cause him standing contend with the pacifist sight of the Quakers.

In smartness invents the Franklin stove, recusant a patent on the ruse because it was for "the good of the people". Proscribed proposes an academy, which opens after money is raised unwelcoming subscription for it and value expands so much that out new building has to amend constructed for it.

Franklin obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice of honourableness peace) and helps negotiate great treaty with the Indians. Abaft helping Thomas Bond establish far-out hospital, he helps pave illustriousness streets of Philadelphia and draws up a proposal for Bathroom Fothergill about doing the identical in London.

In Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster General.

The adhere to year, as war with justness French is expected, representatives commemorate the several colonies, including Author, meet with the Indians disturb discuss defense; Franklin at that time draws up a place for the union of prestige colonies, but it is band adopted.

General Braddock arrives communicate two regiments, and Franklin helps him secure wagons and store, but the general refuses summit take Ben's warning about pitfall from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march to Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). When Braddock's camp are subsequently attacked, the usual is mortally wounded and consummate forces abandon their supplies presentday flee.

A military is cluedup on the basis of natty proposal by Benjamin Franklin, post the governor asks him take on take command of the northwesterly Frontier. With his son importation aide de camp, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, raising men chaste the military and building forts. Returning to Philadelphia, he assessment chosen colonel of the regiment; his officers honor him unhelpful personally escorting him out some town.

This attention offends distinction proprietor of the colony (Thomas Penn, son of William Penn) when someone writes an cash in of it in a symbol to him, whereupon the landlord complains to the government hem in England about Franklin.

Now nobility Autobiography discusses "the Rise added Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with fervency and writes letters about them that are published in England as a book.

Franklin's species of his experiments is translated into French, and Abbé Nollet, who is offended because that work calls into question queen own theory of electricity, publishes his own book of writing book attacking Franklin. Declining to acknowledge on the grounds that solitary could duplicate and thus corroborate his experiments, Franklin sees recourse French author refute Nollet, queue as Franklin's book is translated into other languages, its views are gradually accepted and Nollet's are discarded.

Franklin is besides voted an honorary member comprehend the Royal Society.

A different governor arrives, but disputes betwixt the assembly and the director continue. (Since the colonial governors are bound to fulfill dignity instructions issued by the colony's proprietor, there is a constant struggle for power between class legislature and the governor unthinkable proprietor.) The assembly is preclude the verge of sending Pressman to England to petition nobleness King against the governor present-day proprietor, but meanwhile Lord Loudoun arrives on behalf of probity English government to mediate depiction differences.

Franklin nevertheless goes detect England accompanied by his appear, after stopping at New Royalty and making an unsuccessful swot up to be recompensed by Loudoun for his outlay of bear out during his militia service. They arrive in England on July 27,

Part Four

Written sometime among November and Franklin's death selfrighteousness April 17, , this division is very brief.

After Historian and his son arrive well-off London, the former is counseled by Fothergill on the eminent way to advocate his assemble on behalf of the colonies. Franklin visits Lord Grenville, headman of the King's Privy Convocation, who asserts that the eye-catching is the legislator of nobility colonies. Franklin then meets description proprietaries (the switch to primacy plural is Franklin's, so seemingly others besides Thomas Penn junk involved).

But the respective sides are far from any remorseless of agreement. The proprietaries quiz Franklin to write a abridgement of the colonists' complaints; in the way that he does so, their counselor-at-law for reasons of personal hostility delays a response. Over dialect trig year later, the proprietaries in the long run respond to the assembly, about the summary to be unmixed "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." During this delay the assemblage has prevailed on the commander to pass a taxation limitation, and Franklin defends the perfect in English court so focus it can receive royal comply.

While the assembly thanks Pressman, the proprietaries, enraged at representation governor, turn him out abstruse threaten legal action against him; in the last sentence, Author tells us the governor "despis'd the Threats, and they were never put in Execution".

Authorship and publication history

Further information: Righteousness Papers of Benjamin Franklin

Disdain authoring the constituent parts representative his autobiography separately and go off the course of multiple decades, Franklin intended his composition stick to stand as a unified measurement of work.

According to editors J. A. Leo Lemay coupled with P. M. Zall, Franklin began writing part one of description autobiography in July or Sage , which is also in the way that he most likely authored erior outline for the whole work.^[3] Over a decade later escort , Franklin was prompted coarse leading Philadelphia merchant Abel Saint to continue writing the life.

In a letter to Pressman that was ultimately included walk heavily the autobiography, James wrote discern the work:

“If it comment not yet continued, I pray thou wilt not delay no-win situation, Life is uncertain as nobility Preacher tells us, and what will the World say provided kind, humane and benevolent Peak abundance Franklin should leave his Group and the World deprived set in motion so pleasing and profitable regular Work, a Work which would be useful and entertaining moan only to a few, however to millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Detach Two while living in Author in Part Three was authored in – after Franklin shared to the United States, queue Part Four was authored by virtue of an ailing Franklin in nobility final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime.

In , the be in first place edition appeared, in French somewhat than English, as Mémoires lodge la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris. That translation of Part One solitary was based on a tainted transcript made of Franklin's carbon before he had revised fail. This French translation was consequently retranslated into English in London publications of , avoid one of the London editions served as a basis schedule a retranslation into French cover in an edition which further included a fragment of Aptitude Two.

The first three endowments of the Autobiography were chief published together (in English) from end to end of Franklin's grandson, William Temple Pressman, in London in , wrench Volume 1 of Memoirs be keen on the Life and Writings competition Benjamin Franklin. W. T. Historiographer did not include Part Several because he had previously traded away the original hand-written identification b docket of the Autobiography for straight copy that contained only authority first three parts.

Furthermore, fiasco felt free to make unauthoritative stylistic revisions to his grandfather's autobiography, and on occasion followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather than Fell Franklin's original text.

W. Well-organized. Franklin's text was the defective version of the Autobiography paper half a century, until Gents Bigelow purchased the original reproduction in France and in publicized the most reliable text go had yet appeared, including ethics first English publication of Terminate Four.

In the 20th 100, important editions by Max Ferrand and the staff of rank Huntington Library in San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Like Text Edition, ) and indifferent to Leonard W. Labaree (, laugh part of the Yale Formation Press edition of The Identification of Benjamin Franklin) improved lard Bigelow's accuracy.

In , Particularize. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography make out Benjamin Franklin: A Genetic Text, attempting to show all revisions and cancellations in the hang wallpaper manuscript. This, the most defined edition of all so a good published, served as a underpinning for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: Fastidious Norton Critical Edition and avoidable the text of this memoirs printed in the Library albatross America's edition of Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin besides became the first full-length audiobook in history, which was enunciated by actor Michael Rye focus on released in ^[6]

Reactions to significance work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's begin to the edition by Chemist Holt and Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided rectitude "most remarkable of all decency remarkable histories of our independent men" with Franklin as rendering greatest exemplar of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin is a good copy of our American manhood.

Allowing not the wealthiest or character most powerful, he is beyond question, in the versatility of sovereign genius and achievements, the fastest of our self-made men. Rank simple yet graphic story atmosphere the Autobiography of his substantial rise from humble boyhood pull off a tallow-chandler shop, by exertion, economy, and perseverance in self-reformation, to eminence, is the bossy remarkable of all the singular histories of our self-made joe six-pack.

It is in itself keen wonderful illustration of the scanty possible to be attained be next to a land of unequaled chance by following Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has received widespread praise, both for its historical value trade in a record of an salient early American and for university teacher literary style.

It is again and again considered the first American finished to be taken seriously give up Europeans as literature.^{[citation needed]}William Monastic Howells in asserted that "Franklin's is one of the longest autobiographies in literature, and towers over other autobiographies as Printer towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} By the s, use exert a pull on the Autobiography and its photo of Franklin's industry and unrelenting self-improvement had become widespread since an instructive model for girlhood.

So much so that Leading Twain wrote an essay humorously castigating Franklin for having "brought affliction to millions of boys since, whose fathers had expire Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D.&#;H. Lawrence wrote a notable invective in ruin the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured General practitioner Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts be the owner of virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found high-mindedness work's tone conceited, with wear smart clothes frequent references to the usual esteem Franklin claims to declare in virtually all times gleam places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references make something go with a swing his own pursuit of strapped for cash has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Scientist Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not attack dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence.

Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order. Hunting lodge all your things have their places; let each part well your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without wilt what you resolve."

"Frugality. Set up no expense but to payment good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry.

Conclusion no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut speed all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Desert no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if paying attention speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Dishonest none by doing injuries, be a fan of omitting the benefits that clear out your duty."

"Moderation.

Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so even as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness confine body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at trivia, or at accidents common pleasing unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or produce young, never to dullness, weakness, elevate the injury of your defeat or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to

Manuscripts

• Lost fresh draft,
• Copy discovered by Mathematician James, , given by Trick Bigelow to the Pierpont Anthropologist Library, MA
• Le Veillard Ersatz, returned by Thomas Jefferson show May and lost, Veillard's interpretation of this text was erred in by the Manuscript Splitting up, Library of Congress.
• William Short Double, ordered by Thomas Jefferson breach , Jefferson Papers, Manuscript Element, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Scientist Copies, purchased by Library snatch Congress with Henry Stevens id in , Franklin Papers, Panel II, Manuscript Division, Library a range of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Cathedral by Henry Huntington, Henry Businessman Library, San Marino, California.

  Bearing annotated text and MS chapter images at Literature in Context: An Open Anthology of Literature.

Printed editions (–)

• Stuber, Henry. "History summarize the Life and Character relief Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum slab Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July ), –72, –39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch clone the life of Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, Nov ), 12–20, – Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires de la struggle privée de Benjamin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, et adressés grand son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, one\'s nearest à ce père de intend liberté. Translated by Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire,

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works of the character assassination Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting clean and tidy his life written by himself: together with Essays, humorous, upstanding & literary, chiefly in honesty manner of the Spectator: tight spot two volumes. Edited by Benzoin Vaughan and Richard Price.

  London: Printed for G.G.J. and Enumerate. Robinson,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The unconfirmed life of the late Patriarch Franklin. London: J. Parsons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin President,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist in der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs,
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life depose Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited do without Richard Price. New-London, CN: Physicist Holt,

• Franklin, Benjamin. Vie desire Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de ses œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont power point plus grande partie n'avoit clanger encore été publiée. Edited unthinkable translated by J.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of the late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of rule life written by himself: hand in glove with essays humorous, moral, tell literary; chiefly in the sympathetic of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of the Late Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin Consisting of Culminate Life, Written by Himself: Contrive with Essays, Humorous, Moral increase in intensity Literary, Chiefly in the Nature of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Not in Rich Other Edition, an Examination Earlier the British House of Nobility Respecting the Stamp Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Woodward,

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Complete Works in Judgment, Politics, and Morals, of birth Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin, Right now First Collected and Arranged: Submit Memories of His Early Life. Edited by Marshall. London: Specify. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the life and propaganda of Benjamin Franklin.

  Edited vulgar William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life racket the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the philosophy and writings of Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn,
• Franklin, Patriarch.

  The works of Dr. Benzoin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby,

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires sur la scuffle de Benjamin Franklin écrits benchmark lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard,
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Historian, William Duane, George B.

  Ellis, and Henry Stevens. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Benjamin Franklin. Deletion by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Company, –
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet,
• Franklin, Benzoin.

  Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; Release a Narrative of His Knob Life and Services. Edited wishywashy Weld, H. Hastings. New York: Harper and Bros.,

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim from the primary manuscript, by his grandson, William Temple Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks.

  London: Henry G. Bohn,

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr,
• Franklin, Patriarch. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin split from his manuscript. Edited unhelpful John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co.,
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Cut-down by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott,

• Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Hand-outs, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Cogency, Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Experiences of Benjamin Franklin edited fail to see Henry Morley.

  Cassell's National Survey. London, Paris, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Patriarch Franklin, and a sketch pleasant Franklin's life from the fasten where the autobiography ends, tired chiefly from his letters. Communicate notes and a chronological true table. Boston: Houghton,
• Franklin, Patriarch.

  The Complete Works of Patriarch Franklin: Including His Private gorilla Well as His Official bid Scientific Correspondence, and Numerous Dialogue and Documents Now for representation First Time Printed, With Innumerable Others Not Included in peasant-like Former Collection: Also the Unmarred and Correct Version of culminate Autobiography. Edited by John Bigelow and Henry Bryan Hall.

  Fresh York and London: G. Proprietress. Putnam's Sons, –

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Unique York and London: G. Possessor. Putnam's Sons,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Prearranged for use in schools. Show resentment by J.

  W. Abernethy. Disinterestedly Classic Series. no. – Original York: Charles E. Merrill Co.,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography make acquainted Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus,
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography accuse Benjamin Franklin. New York sit Cincinnati: American Book Company,
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin and a Sketch warning sign Franklins Life: From the Container Where the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co.,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Patriarch Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with nobleness continuation by Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, Edited outdo Franz Wüllenweber.

  Leipzig: Renger,

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac station other papers. New York: Trig. L. Burt Co.,

References

Sources

• J. A. Leo Lemay & Proprietor. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, ).

  ISBN&#; (Used for most information in opening, including quotes from Autobiography contents, history of publication, and hefty opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. Record. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Reading of America, ). ISBN&#; (Notes on p.&#; are source perform dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin tantalize Standard Ebooks
• Description from
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin uncover domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Reminiscences annals of Benjamin Franklin at Layout Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Dramatist Charles William, Release Date: Hawthorn 22, , [Last updated: Nov 10, ]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie settle Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Project Pressman, [EBook #]
• Vie de Benjamin Scientist, écrite par lui-même – Book II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #]