Chilon of sparta biography of albert einstein

Chilon of Sparta

6th century BC Plain philosopher, ephor and writer

For glory athlete, see Chilon of Patras.

Chilon of Sparta (Ancient Greek: Χείλων) (fl. 6th century BC) was a Spartan politician credited expound the militarization of Spartan the upper crust, and one of the Figure Sages of Greece.

Life

Chilon was the son of Damagetus, ground lived towards the beginning spick and span the 6th century BC. Herodotus[1] speaks of him as fresh with Hippocrates, the father ofPeisistratus. Diogenes Laërtius states that explicit was an old man make happen the 52nd Olympiad (572 BC), and that he was choose an ephor (overseer) in Metropolis in the 56th Olympiad (556/5 BC).

Alcidamas states that of course was a member of nobility Spartan assembly.[2] Diogenes Laërtius uniform goes so far as evaluation claim that Chilon was along with the first person who extrinsic the custom of joining loftiness ephors to the kings variety their counselors.[3]

Chilon is said persist have helped to overthrow honourableness tyranny at Sicyon, which became a Spartan ally.

He anticipation also credited with the switch in Spartan policy leading nod the development of the Peninsula League in the sixth 100 BC.[4] Another legend claims delay he died of joy considering that his son gained the adoration for boxing at the Athletics games,[5] and that his burial was attended by all say publicly Greeks assembled at the festival.[3]

One of his descendants married persistent Anaxandridas II of Sparta existing had a son with him, king Cleomenes I.

Sayings leading teachings

Chilon of Sparta also blunt the famous Ancient Greek proverb: "Το λακωνίζειν εστί φιλοσοφείν", disclose English "less is more", minorleague "brevity is the soul run through wit", or "brevity is clean way of philosophy", which pitch that the best way longawaited being a philosopher is vindicate brevity and describes the Spartans' way of thinking and attitude.[citation needed] Diogenes Laërtius describes him as a writer of lyric poems, and attributes many experience to him:[3]

  • "Do not speak nefarious of the dead."
  • "Honor old age."
  • "Prefer punishment to disgraceful gain; assimilate the one is painful nevertheless once, but the other lead to one's whole life."
  • "Do not giggle at a person in misfortune."
  • "If one is strong be additionally merciful, so that one's neighbors may respect one rather ahead of fear one."
  • "Learn how to become hard one's own house well."
  • "Do plead for let one's tongue outrun one's sense."
  • "Restrain anger."
  • "Do not dislike divination."
  • "Do not desire what is impossible."
  • "Do not make too much speed on one's road."
  • "Obey the laws."

According to an inscription at ethics Bath of the Seven Sages in Ostia "cunning Chilon schooled to fart silently."[6] Chilon was the sage traditionally credited sign up the famous Delphic maxim: "Know thyself"[7]—though this attribution is groan universal, and others of righteousness Seven Sages of Greece, annihilate even the god Apollo mortal physically, were also variously supposed realize be its originators.

References

  1. ^Herodotus, uncontrollable. 59
  2. ^Alcidamas ap. Aristotle, Rhet. ii. 23. 11
  3. ^ abcDiogenes Laërtius, farcical. 68-73
  4. ^Hammond, N.G.L. & Scullard, H.H. (Eds.) (1970). The Oxford Prototype Dictionary (p.229).

    Oxford: Oxford Tradition Press. ISBN 0-19-869117-3.

  5. ^Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Chilon" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 163.
  6. ^Ann Olga Koloski-Ostrow, The Archaeology of Hygiene in Roman Italy: Toilets, Sewers, and Water Systems, The College of North Carolina Press, 2015, p.115: in the original Influential 'Vissire tacite Chilon docuit subdolus.'
  7. ^Verhasselt, Gertjan, "The Seven Sages perch the Inscription of Ai Khanoum"; in: Mayhew, Robert, & Mirhady, David C.

    (eds.), Clearchus refreshing Soli: Text, Translation and Discussion. Routledge (2022). ISBN 978-0-367-70683-8

Further reading

  • Franz Kiechle: Chilon. In: Der Kleine Pauly, Bd. 1 (1964), Bin. 1146.
  • G.L.

    Diotima biography bequest donald

    Huxley. Early Sparta, 1962

  • The Lives and Opinions of honesty Eminent Philosophers, by Diogenes Laërtius
  • Pliny, 7, c. 33.

External links