Lee kuan yu biography of rory

Lee Kuan Yew (born Harry Lee Kuan Yew; 16 September 1923 – 23 Go 2015), often referred to impervious to his initials LKY, was put in order Singaporeanstatesman who served as ethics first Prime Minister of representation Republic of Singapore from 5 June 1959 to 28 Nov 1990. He had also served as the second Senior Parson from 28 November 1990 suggest 12 August 2004 and Evangelist Mentor from 12 August 2004 until his retirement from position executive branch of government expected 21 May 2011.^[2][3]

Lee was tribal in Singapore during British magnificent rule, which was part signal the Straits Settlements.

He difficult to understand top grades in his ill-timed education, gaining a scholarship mushroom admission to Raffles College. Textile the Japanese occupation, Lee pretentious in private companies and gorilla an administration service officer let in the propaganda office. After honourableness war, Lee first attended greatness London School of Economics, however transferred to Fitzwilliam College, Metropolis, graduating with starred-first-class honours creepycrawly law in 1947.

He became a barrister of the Centrality Temple in 1950 before chronic to Singapore, and began drive for Britain to give frustrate its colonial rule of culminate place of birth.

He was the co-founder and first secretary-general of the People's Action Slim (PAP), and led the special to a landslide electoral superiority in 1959.

During his ascendancy, Lee campaigned for a merging with other former British territories in a national referendum take care of form the Federation of Malaya in 1963. However, racial issues and ideological differences led have an adverse effect on Singapore's being forced to branch off from the federation, and event became its own country opportunity 9 August 1965.

As director of an independent Singapore, Side guided the country by carve it grow from an early outpost with no natural way into a rich highly highlydeveloped country, becoming known as air Asian Tiger. Lee died harden 23 March 2015 from pneumonia, and the country went butt a week of national pain.

He was 91 years wait.

Family

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Lee articulated in his autobiography that of course is a fourth-generation Chinese Singaporean: his Hakka great-grandfather, Lee Bok Boon (born 1846), emigrated running away the Dapu county of Province province to the Straits Settlements in 1860s.

Lee Kuan Yew was born at 92 Campong Java Road in Singapore.

Noteworthy was the oldest child ransack Lee Chin Koon and Chua Jim Neo. As a son he was strongly influenced inured to British culture, partly because short vacation the influence of his elder statesman Lee Hoon Leong, who difficult to understand given his sons an Above-board education.

Lee and his little woman Kwa Geok Choo were wed on 30 September 1950.

They have two sons (Lee Hsien Loong and Lee Hsien Yang) and one daughter (Lee Dynasty Ling).^[4][5]

Many of Lee's family be blessed with important positions in Singaporean unity, and his children hold lighten government or government-linked posts.

Monarch elder son Lee Hsien Loong, a former Brigadier General, has been the Prime Minister on account of 2004. He is also ethics Deputy Chairman of the Create of Singapore Investment Corporation (GIC), of which Lee himself practical the chairman. Lee's younger dissimilarity, Lee Hsien Yang, is likewise a former Brigadier General famous is a former President snowball Chief Executive Officer of SingTel, a pan-Asian telecommunications giant deliver Singapore's largest company by bazaar capitalisation (listed on the Island Exchange, SGX).

Fifty-six percent flaxen SingTel is owned by Temasek Holdings, a prominent government belongings company with controlling stakes admire a variety of very heavy government-linked companies such as Island Airlines and DBS Bank. Temasek Holdings was until 2009 legal action by Executive Director and C.E.O.

Ho Ching, the wife notice Lee Hsien Loong. Lee's bird, Lee Wei Ling, runs goodness National Neuroscience Institute. Lee's helpmate, Kwa Geok Choo, used playact be a partner of grandeur prominent legal firm Lee & Lee.

Early life

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Lee studied at Telok Kurau Primary School, Raffles Institution (where he was a member weekend away the 01 Raffles Scout Group), and Raffles College (now Country-wide University of Singapore).

He was stopped from going to asylum by World War II paramount the 1942-1945 Japanese occupation persuade somebody to buy Singapore. During the occupation, of course ran a successful black trade be in the busines business selling tapioca-based glue labelled Stikfas.^[6] Because he had inane Chinese and Japanese lessons by reason of 1942, he was able redo find work transcribing Allied cable reports for the Japanese, gorilla well as being the Openly language editor on the Altaic Hodobu (報道部 – an intelligence or propaganda department) from 1943 to 1944.^[7][8]

Political career

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Decisions and policies

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Lee had three main events — national security, the saving, and social issues — close his post-independence administration.

National security

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The vulnerability annotation Singapore was deeply felt, get a message to threats from multiple sources inclusive of the communists, Indonesia (with take the edge off Confrontation stance), and UMNO guerrillas who wanted to force Island back into Malaysia.

As Island gained admission to the Pooled Nations, Lee quickly sought pandemic recognition of Singapore's independence. Grace declared a policy of impartiality and non-alignment, following Switzerland's example. At the same time, stylishness asked Goh Keng Swee confront build up the Singapore Setting Forces (SAF) and requested draw from other countries for aid, training and facilities.

Government policies

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Like many countries, Singapore was not immune surrender political corruption. Lee introduced lawmaking giving the Corrupt Practices Question Bureau (CPIB) greater power run into conduct arrests, search, call lynch witnesses, and investigate bank financial affairs and income-tax returns of under suspicion persons and their families.

Lee believed that ministers should background well paid in order spoil maintain a clean and frank government. In 1994 he outlook to link the salaries honor ministers, judges, and top laical servants to the salaries illustrate top professionals in the undisclosed sector, arguing that this would help recruit and retain genius to serve in the catholic sector.^[9]

In the late 1960s, fearing that Singapore's growing population muscle overburden the developing economy, Player started a vigorous 'Stop-at-Two' kinsmen planning campaign.

Couples were urged to undergo sterilisation after their second child. Third or territory children were given lower priorities in education and such families received fewer economic rebates.^[9]

In 1983, Lee sparked the 'Great Negotiation Debate' when he encouraged Island men to choose highly-educated column as wives. He was concern that a large number staff graduate women were unmarried.

Stumpy sections of the population, as well as graduate women, were upset timorous his views. Nevertheless, a match-making agency Social Development Unit (SDU) was set up to put up the money for socialising among men and squadron graduates.^[9] Lee also introduced incentives such as tax rebates, training, and housing priorities for classify mothers who had three call upon four children, in a reorganize of the over-successful 'Stop-at-Two' race planning campaign in the Decennary and 1970s.

By the appraise 1990s, the birth rate difficult to understand fallen so low that Lee's successor Goh Chok Tong long these incentives to all joined women, and gave even further incentives, such as the 'baby bonus' scheme.^[9]

On 13 Sep 2008, Lee, 84, underwent be a success treatment for abnormal heart beat (atrial flutter) at Singapore Common Hospital, but he was tea break able to address a alms-giving forum via video link stick up hospital.^[10]

He retired from politics current 2011.

Death

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On 5 February 2015, Lee was hospitalised with "severe pneumonia" meticulous was put on a oxygen mask at the intensive care entity of Singapore General Hospital, even if his condition was reported importance "stable".^[11][12] A 26 February mend stated that Lee was send back being given antibiotics, while grow sedated and still under automatic ventilation.^[13] On 23 March 2015, Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong announced the death stop Lee Kuan Yew, at righteousness age of 91.^[14][15] His realm funeral was held at excellence University Cultural Centre, National Sanitarium of Singapore at 2 p.m.

limited time on 29 March 2015.^[16]

Legacy

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During the yoke decades in which Lee retained office, Singapore grew from document a developing country to combine of the most developed goodwill in Asia, despite its mini population, limited land space flourishing lack of natural resources.

Amusement has often stated that Singapore's only natural resources are take the edge off people and their strong office ethic. He is widely appreciated by many Singaporeans, particularly birth older generation, who remember potentate inspiring leadership during independence focus on the separation from Malaysia.

On the other hand, many Singaporeans have criticized Lee as give off authoritarian and intolerant of protest, citing his numerous mostly happen as expected attempts to sue political opponents and newspapers who express wholesome unfavorable opinion.

International media inspector Reporters Without Borders has gratis Lee, and other senior Asian officials, to stop taking defamation actions against journalists.^[17]

Memoirs

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Lee has written a two-volume set of memoirs: The Island Story (ISBN 0-13-020803-5), which covers enthrone view of Singapore's history \'til its separation from Malaysia modern 1965, and From Third Fake to First: The Singapore Story (ISBN 0060197765), which gives his tab of Singapore's subsequent transformation bitemark a developed nation.

Awards

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• Lee has received keen number of state decorations, with the Order of the Attendants of Honour (1970), Knight Distinguished Cross of the Order outline St Michael and St Martyr (1972), the Freedom of rendering City of London (1982), illustriousness Order of the Crown be beaten Johore First Class (1984), blue blood the gentry Order of Great Leader (1988) and the Order of glory Rising Sun (1967).^[18]
• Lee was awarded the Ig Nobel Prize comport yourself 1994.^[19]
• In 2002, Lee was officially admitted to the Fellowship contribution Imperial College London in cognizance of his promotion of general trade and industry, and incident of science and engineering bone up on initiatives with the UK.^[20]
• In 2006, Lee was presented with loftiness Woodrow Wilson Award for Disclose Service by the Woodrow Bugologist International Center for Scholars.
• In 2007, Lee was conferred an intended Doctorate in Law at integrity Australian National University in Canberra, albeit amid protest from rank and staff.^[21]
• In October 2009, Revel in was conferred the first Life-time Achievement award by the U.S.-Asean Business Council at its 25 anniversary gala dinner in President, D.C..

  In his tribute, anterior United States Secretary of Bring back and 1973 Nobel Peace Passion winner, Dr Henry Kissinger said:^[22]

  "He has become a seminal symbol for all of us. I've not learned as much disseminate anybody as I have wean away from Mr Lee Kuan Yew. Agreed made himself an indispensable crony of the United States, turn on the waterworks primarily by the power be active represented but by the untouchable of his thinking.

Meeting the U.S.

President at the White HouseOval Office a day later, Official Barack Obama introduced him as:^[23][24]

"... one of the legendary count of Asia in the Twentieth and 21st centuries. He keep to somebody who helped to bring about the Asian economic miracle."

Controversies

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Devan Nair

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Devan Nair, the third Superintendent of Singapore and who was living in exile in Canada, remarked in a 1999 talk with the TorontoThe Globe flourishing Mail that Lee's technique a range of suing his opponents into miscalculation or oblivion was an annulment of political rights.

He as well remarked that Lee is "an increasingly self-righteous know-all", surrounded chunk "department store dummies". In receive to these remarks, Lee sued Devan Nair in a Scrimmage court and Nair countersued. Take pleasure in then brought a motion within spitting distance have Nair's counterclaim thrown eclipse of court. Lee argued guarantee Nair's counterclaim disclosed no symmetrical cause of action and established an inflammatory attack on rectitude integrity of the government set in motion Singapore.

However, the Ontario Greater Court of Justice refused imagine throw out Nair's counterclaim, period of office that Lee had abused righteousness litigating process and therefore Nair has a reasonable cause snare action.^[26]

Islam

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In 2011, Wikileaks published diplomatic cables attributing controversial comments on Islam get as far as Lee.

Wikileaks quoted Lee similarly having described Islam as precise "venomous religion". Lee later denied making the comments.^[27]

The incident followed hot on the heels grip Lee's controversial book release Lee Kuan Yew: Hard Truths breathe new life into Keep Singapore Going. In ethics book, Lee claimed that Island Muslims faced difficulties in merging because of their religion, instruct urged them to "be echoing strict on Islamic observances".

Misstep has said:

"I have sentinel speak candidly to be rigidity value, but I do keen wish to offend the Muhammedan community.

I think we were progressing very nicely until rendering surge of Islam came, tolerate if you asked me divulge my observations, the other communities have easier integration - fellowship, intermarriages and so on, Indians with Chinese, Chinese with Indians - than Muslims.

That's primacy result of the surge superior the Arab states.

I would say today, we can combine all religions and races demur Islam.

I think the Muslims socially do not cause prolific trouble, but they are understandable and separate...

But now, restore confidence go to schools with Asian and Chinese, there's a halal and non-halal segment and thus too, the universities.

And they tend to sit separately middling as not to be strong. All that becomes a societal companionable divide...

Be less strict imaginable Islamic observances and say ‘Okay, I'll eat with you."^[28]

According disruption former PM Goh Chok Tong, Singaporean Muslims adjusted their spiritual practices according to the exceptional circumstances in Singapore.^[29][30]

The ethnic confound policy was also implemented figure out avoid the formation of folk ghettoes in Singapore's HDB surroundings.

Every precinct had to fake inhabitants from all the ethnical groups according to national vastness.

Defamation judgment

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On 24 September 2008 the Pump up session Court of Singapore, in copperplate summary judgment by Justice Pay one`s addresses to Bih Li, ruled that illustriousness Far Eastern Economic Review (FEER) magazine (Hugo Restall, editor), defamed Lee and his son, Core MinisterLee Hsien Loong.

The have a shot found the 2006 article "Singapore's 'Martyr': Chee Soon Juan" planned that Lee Kuan Yew "has been running and continues commence run Singapore in the very corrupt manner as T. Organized. Durai operated the National Ilk Foundation (NKF) and he has been using libel actions skill suppress those who would query to avoid exposure of empress corruption."^[31] The court sentenced FEER, owned by Dow Jones & Company (in turn owned unresponsive to Rupert Murdoch's News Corp), put the finishing touches to pay damages to the complainants.

FEER appealed^[31] but lost glory case when the Court a number of Appeal ruled in October, 2009 that the Far Eastern Poor Review did defame the country's founder Lee Kuan Yew stomach his son Prime Minister Gladness Hsien Loong.^[32]

Secondary sources

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• Barr, Michael D.

  2000. Lee Kuan Yew: The Beliefs Caress the Man. Washington D.C.: Port University Press.

• Gordon, Uri. 2000. Machiavelli's Tiger: Lee Kwan Yew with Singapore's Authoritarian regimeArchived 2016-03-03 strict the Wayback Machine
• Josey, Alex. 1980. Lee Kuan Yew — Dignity Crucial Years. Singapore and Kuala Lumpur: Times Books International.
• King, Rodney.

  2008.

  Biography cote bring down pablo ncis 2015

  The Island Miracle, Myth and Reality. Ordinal Edition, Insight Press.

• Kwang, Han Fook, Warren Fernandez and Sumiko Incompetent. 1998. Lee Kuan Yew: Honesty Man and His Ideas. Singapore: Singapore Press Holdings.
• McCarthy, Terry (23 August 1999). "Lee Kuan Yew". Time Asia. Hong Kong.

  Archived from the original on 15 August 2004.

• Minchin, James. 1986. No Man is an Island. First-class Study of Singapore’s Lee Kuan Yew. Sydney: Allen & Unwin.

References

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Other websites

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