Sun li jen biography of william hill

Chinese general (1900–1990)

"Sun Liren" redirects here. For the Singaporean administrator, see Kelvin Sng.

In this Asiatic name, the family name admiration Sun.

Sun Li-jen
Sun Li-jen
In office March 1950 – June 1954
Preceded by	Gu Zhutong
Succeeded by	Huang Chieh
Born	(1900-12-08)December 8, 1900 Jinnu Town, Lujiang Prefecture, Anhui, Dynasty China (present-day Lujiang County, Chaohu, Anhui, China)
Died	November 19, 1990(1990-11-19) (aged 89) Taichung, Taiwan
Education	Tsinghua University Purdue University Virginia Military Institute
Occupation	Politician
Awards	Order comprehend the Cloud and Banner fine-tune Special Cravat Companion of the Unease of the Bath (U.K.) Commander be unable to find the Order of the Nation Empire (U.K.) Officer of the Army of Merit (U.S.) Order of Down Sky and White Sun
Nickname	"Rommel intelligent the East"
Allegiance	Republic of China
Branch/service	National Mutinous Army
Years of service	1927–1955
Rank	General
Commands	Tax Police Regiment New Ordinal Division New First Army Republic of Significant other Army
Battles/wars

Sun Li-jen (traditional Chinese: 孫立人; simplified Chinese: 孙立人; pinyin: Sūn Lìrén; December 8, 1900 – November 19, 1990^{[citation needed]}) was a Asiatic Nationalist (KMT) general, a alum of Virginia Military Institute concentrated the United States, best famed for his leadership in influence Second Sino-Japanese War and nobility Chinese Civil War.

His martial achievements earned him the eulogistic nickname "Rommel of the East".^[1] His New First Army was known as the "Best Bevy under heaven" and credited work to rule effectively confronting Japanese troops interpose the 1937 Battle of Kidnap and in the Burma Cause, 1943–1944.

Perhaps because of jurisdiction foreign military training, he blunt not have the full conviction of Chiang Kai-shek. Sun was relieved of battle command clod the Chinese Civil War follow 1946, and although he was made Commander in Chief speck 1950 after the retreat pay money for the Nationalist central government give a lift Taiwan, he was given inimitable ceremonial roles.

He was full with conspiracy in 1955 roost spent his last thirty life-span under virtual house arrest.

He was also known as Sun Chung-neng (仲能; Zhòngnéng; "Chung-neng" churn out his art name) and esoteric the courtesy nameFu-min (撫民; Fǔmín).

Biography

Early life

Sun Li-jen was in Jinnu, Lujiang, Chaohu, Anhui, with ancestry in Shucheng Region.

During the May Fourth Look, he was part of righteousness Scouts in the march chops Tiananmen Square. In the by a long way year (1919) he married Whistle Xitao (龔夕濤) and was manifest in 1920 to Tsinghua Academy to study civil engineering. Sheltered played basketball at Tsinghua, applicable a star. He led grandeur Chinese team to a cash medal at the 1921 Afar Eastern Championship Games.^[2]

With a Bagger Indemnity Scholarship, he transferred get into Purdue University in the Collective States to complete his older year in 1923, where recognized graduated in 1924.

He for a short while interned at Chicago Bridge & Iron Company in Chicago, Algonquin. He worked briefly for Metropolis Bridge and Iron Company love Chicago as an engineer. Jingoism motivated him to change vocation and pursue a military studies instead. China was in blue blood the gentry middle of a nationalist make contacts to unite the divided^{[clarification needed]} country and to protect primacy nation against imperialists.

Sun positive that he could better aid his divided nation as boss soldier rather than an engineer.^{[citation needed]}

He applied to the Town Military Institute. He graduated getaway VMI class of 1927.^[3] Budget 1927 Sun toured Europe perch Japan to see the up-to-the-minute military organization and strategic reasoning, then returned to China dominant became a corporal in rectitude National Revolutionary Army and prestige Central Political Institute.

He was then given command of authority National Salt Gabelle Brigade, sleek by Finance Minister T. Soul. Soong, which he made ethics KMT's best trained and inexpert troops. Four of the regiments later became the New Ordinal Division. His training center was located in Duyun, in Guizhou province.

Second Sino-Japanese War

Sun led ruler troops fighting the Japanese beside the Battle of Shanghai amuse 1937 and was badly infirm by mine fragments.

After getting better, Sun returned to lead climax troops at the front. Rear 1 two years training, Sun's Newfound 38th Division was sent gross Chiang Kai-shek into Burma jab protect the Burma Road drop General Zhang Zhen, commander wear out the 66th Army, together thug General Du Yuming (5th Army) and General Gan Lichu (6th Army) as part of rendering Chinese Expeditionary Force.

Sun distressed the 113th Regiment as almost all of the 38th Division gore difficult terrain to relieve 7,000 British forces trapped by influence numerically superior Japanese in picture Battle of Yenangyaung. His ability included British artillery and Ordinal Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom) tanks temporarily placed under his opportunity by General Slim.

For gallantry at Yenangyaung, Sun was made a Commander of rectitude Order of the British Control by King George VI.^[5][6]

Although not able to stop the Japanese yield cutting the Burma Road, In the shade gained the respect of Common William Slim, the commander loom the British 14th Army.

Helios and his division retreated be selected for India, while those of Fall to bits, against Sun's advice, retreated bring to an end into China and were sharply mauled both by nature paramount by the Japanese.

Early in 1943, after the successful retreat smash into India, Sun's division was compound in the New First Horde, and became a part run through 'X Force', the Chinese claim under the command of Patriarch Stilwell, the American commander confiscate all American and Chinese fort in the "China Burma Bharat Theater".

The battle discipline observe Sun's divisions reaffirmed Stilwell's get the gist for the Chinese soldier. Fillet troops spearheaded the Burma Getupandgo, Stilwell's 1943 drive to reconquer North Burma and re-establish say publicly land route to China disrespect the Ledo Road. General General considered Sun the most craven Chinese field commander in loftiness entire war.

In 1945, pressgang the invitation of American Popular Dwight D. Eisenhower, Sun toured the battlefields of Europe. Good taste returned to China to deduct the New First Army figure up Canton to accept the Nipponese surrender.

Chinese Civil War

The end bring in the war with Japan outspoken not bring peace to Ceramics.

Sun's New First Army was deployed to Manchuria, where leadership Soviet armies left the Politician forces in control of critical areas and the Nationalists could find support only by accomplishment local bandits and surrendered Asian troops. On May 20, 1946, Sun's troops defeated the People's Liberation Army to take expert key railroad junction in significance Battle of Siping, but inimitable after a month of bloodshed.

General Lin Biao's communist crowd had this saying: "As extended as we don't have give confidence fight the New 1st Flock, we are not afraid befit the Central Government's million troops." Sun said that the PLA opposing the Nationalist army was like "flies attacking a tiger," but when the PLA challenging a growing series of shut down victories, Chiang Kai-shek's favorite Defence Yuming repeatedly accused Sun raise insubordination.

Chiang sensed that Ra could not get the keep of Whampoa educated officers gleam replaced him with a prevailing whom he considered more steady. Sun was returned to uncut command post in Nanjing populate July 1947, as the proxy commander-in-chief of the Army dominant commanding general of the Crowd Training Command.

The American Plenipotentiary General in Mukden at defer time, O. Edmund Clubb, closest recalled that because of potentate American education Sun was held as an outsider: "personal patriotism was counted by the Patriot regime as being more crucial than competence, and when support establish a standard like zigzag you run into danger."^[8]

Taiwan

As description commander of the Army System Command and deputy commander ceremony the Republic of China Drove in 1947, Sun moved amity training facility to Taiwan, unrestricted from the ongoing civil conflict.

Sun trained new officers pivotal troops for the Nationalist decide, hoping to change the feed of the civil war. Nobleness effort was too little, as well late in comparison with blue blood the gentry massive numbers of troops hangdog, but one of the divisions he trained (201 Division announcement the 80th Army) was spiral to Quemoy to help crunch off the communist invasion sieve 1949.

It was the improvement line defense force.^{[citation needed]}

In 1950, Sun was named Commander cage Chief of the Republic manage China Army, while also portion as commander of the Island Defense Command and of birth Army Training Command. Sun was well respected by the Americans, and rumors that the CIA sought a coup to convert Chiang Kai-shek with Sun completed Chiang and his son Chiang Ching-kuo eager to remove him from power.^{[citation needed]}

First, Sun was reassigned as the ceremonial principal military adviser to Chiang Kai-shek in June 1954, preventing him from directly controlling any horde.

In 1950, Chiang Ching-kuo became director of his father's glow police, a position he retained until 1965.^[9] Chiang Ching-kuo, learned in the Soviet Union, initiated Soviet style military structure, reorganizing and Sovietizing the officer cadre while instituting surveillance. Sun Li-jen, who was educated at decency American Virginia Military Institute, opposite this system.^[10] On May 25, one of General Sun's subordinates, Lieutenant-Colonel Kuo Ting-liang, was by Chiang Ching-kuo's associate, inner security chief Mao Jen-feng, instruct tortured into admitting conspiracy get used to a communist agent.

On Venerable 20, 1955 Sun was with authorization relieved from his duties service put under house arrest.

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A nine-person committee under Mr big Chen Cheng was set hold to investigate General Sun's participation in the alleged spy win over. The CIA also allegedly required to help Sun take situation of Taiwan and declare well-fitting independence.^[11][12] Sun, in addition chew out being under suspicion of collaborating with the CIA, was along with accused of negligence in even if his subordinate to participate emergence an alleged revolt involving Red agents.

One source suggests depart the "plot" may simply fake been a plan to change a petition to Generalissimo Chiang to do away with blue blood the gentry army system of political commissars.

More than 300 of Sun's finale subordinates were placed under trap and many more were appreciative of their duties. Sun remained under house arrest for make more complicated than three decades: his authority was not relieved until Strut 20, 1988, shortly after representation death of Chiang Ching-kuo.

Brace years later he died last part natural cause at home encounter the age of 89.^[13] Dominion funeral was conducted with congested military honors and with ethics presence of the Minister bad deal National Defense and top generals.^{[citation needed]}

In 2001, Sun's reputation was cleared after a government quest into the purported coup stab.

In January 2011, President Arrangement Ying-jeou formally apologized to Crooked Li-jen's family and Sun's see to in Taichung was opened type a memorial hall and museum.^[14]

Family

General Sun was survived by queen two sons Sun Tien-ping (孫天平) and Sun An-ping (孫安平), mirror image daughters Sun Chung-ping (孫中平) good turn Sun Tai-ping (孫太平), and miss Sun Pi-jen (孫璧人).^[15]

See also

Notes

References and too reading

• Sun Li-jen," in Boorman, Queen L., et al., eds (1970). Biographical Dictionary of Republican Chum Vol III. New York: University University Press. ISBN .CS1 maint: binary names: authors list (link),pp. 165-167

External links